Short:        test Amiga 3000 ZIP DRAM memory (+src)
Author:       amiga@cdh.eebugs.com (Chris Hooper)
Uploader:     amiga cdh eebugs com (Chris Hooper)
Type:         util/misc
Version:      1.0
Architecture: m68k-amigaos
Distribution: Aminet

ZIPTest is a command line utility to test ZIP fast memory installed in an
Amiga 3000.  It will only function correctly in an Amiga 3000 (and possibly
the Amiga 3000T), and may crash when run on other computers.

The utility is designed to diagnose ZIP memory regardless of whether there
are defective chips (which would prevents AmigaOS from using that memory).
This is achieved by accessing the physical addresses where the memory is
mapped by Ramsey.  The program should be useful for diagnosing bad
connections to individual ZIP ICs or individual bad cells within those ZIP
ICs.  In order to operate on memory where some or all may have been detected
and put in the freelist by AmigaOS at startup, the program is designed to
run from chip memory.  It carefully does all accesses with interrupts
disabled and restores memory contents after testing.  If you are a
developer, you will need to disable Enforcer or equivalent (MuForce) before
using this utility.  This is because it potentially accesses CPU physical
addresses which may not have been added to the memory list.


DISCLAIMER: THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS-IS", WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.
THE AUTHOR ASSUMES NO LIABILITY FOR ANY DAMAGE ARISING OUT OF THE USE
OR MISUSE OF THIS UTILITY OR INFORMATION REPORTED BY THIS UTILITY.


The motivation for writing the utility started with me receiving an Amiga
which had been stored in a basement for the past 21 years.  After re-capping
and debugging other board issues, I saw that none of the fast memory
was being recognized.  Not having much luck with swapping around ZIP
ICs, I started poking at the CPU's physical addresses where the memory
should appear and found nibbles in each bank which were not functional.
The process was not very difficult, but did require a significant amount
of time to research how the ZIP ICs were mapped into memory.  I decided to
share my experience by writing a utility which others could use to diagnose
problems with their Amiga ZIP memory.

The utility implements three main tests:
1) Data line test
2) Address line test
3) Memory cell test

If started without arguments, ZIPTest will run all three of these tests
in sequence.  If the data line test fails a particular ZIP IC, then you
should not rely on results of the address line test for that IC.  If either
the data line test or the address line test fails a particular ZIP IC, then
the memory cell test will also likely fail for that chip.

=============================================================================
Example test output from a fully working Amiga 3000 with 16MB Fast Memory:

1> ziptest
ZipTest 1.0 (Dec 06 2017) by Chris Hooper

Memory config: 1Mx4 (4096KB per bank) Static Column (MSM514402, etc)
Memory refresh: 238 clocks (9.52 usec)
Data line test
  Socket   ADDR    IO1  IO2  IO3  IO4   Socket   ADDR    IO1  IO2  IO3  IO4
  -------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ----  -------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ----
  U881 3.7 71ffffb Good Good Good Good  U879 3.5 71ffffa Good Good Good Good
  U873 2.7 75ffffb Good Good Good Good  U871 2.5 75ffffa Good Good Good Good
  U865 1.7 79ffffb Good Good Good Good  U863 1.5 79ffffa Good Good Good Good
  U857 0.7 7dffffb Good Good Good Good  U855 0.5 7dffffa Good Good Good Good
  U880 3.6 71ffffb Good Good Good Good  U878 3.4 71ffffa Good Good Good Good
  U872 2.6 75ffffb Good Good Good Good  U870 2.4 75ffffa Good Good Good Good
  U864 1.6 79ffffb Good Good Good Good  U862 1.4 79ffffa Good Good Good Good
  U856 0.6 7dffffb Good Good Good Good  U854 0.4 7dffffa Good Good Good Good
  U877 3.3 71ffff9 Good Good Good Good  U875 3.1 71ffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U869 2.3 75ffff9 Good Good Good Good  U867 2.1 75ffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U861 1.3 79ffff9 Good Good Good Good  U859 1.1 79ffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U853 0.3 7dffff9 Good Good Good Good  U851 0.1 7dffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U876 3.2 71ffff9 Good Good Good Good  U874 3.0 71ffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U868 2.2 75ffff9 Good Good Good Good  U866 2.0 75ffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U860 1.2 79ffff9 Good Good Good Good  U858 1.0 79ffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U852 0.2 7dffff9 Good Good Good Good  U850 0.0 7dffff8 Good Good Good Good

Address line test
  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  U881 3.7 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U879 3.5 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U873 2.7 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U871 2.5 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U865 1.7 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U863 1.5 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U857 0.7 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U855 0.5 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U880 3.6 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U878 3.4 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U872 2.6 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U870 2.4 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U864 1.6 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U862 1.4 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U856 0.6 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U854 0.4 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U877 3.3 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U875 3.1 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U869 2.3 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U867 2.1 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U861 1.3 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U859 1.1 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U853 0.3 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U851 0.1 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U876 3.2 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U874 3.0 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U868 2.2 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U866 2.0 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U860 1.2 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U858 1.0 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U852 0.2 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U850 0.0 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd

Memory cell test
  ................ ................ ................ ................
  Socket   Result   Socket   Result
  -------- ------   -------- ------
  U881 3.7 Good     U879 3.5 Good
  U873 2.7 Good     U871 2.5 Good
  U865 1.7 Good     U863 1.5 Good
  U857 0.7 Good     U855 0.5 Good
  U880 3.6 Good     U878 3.4 Good
  U872 2.6 Good     U870 2.4 Good
  U864 1.6 Good     U862 1.4 Good
  U856 0.6 Good     U854 0.4 Good
  U877 3.3 Good     U875 3.1 Good
  U869 2.3 Good     U867 2.1 Good
  U861 1.3 Good     U859 1.1 Good
  U853 0.3 Good     U851 0.1 Good
  U876 3.2 Good     U874 3.0 Good
  U868 2.2 Good     U866 2.0 Good
  U860 1.2 Good     U858 1.0 Good
  U852 0.2 Good     U850 0.0 Good

=============================================================================

Data line test
--------------
The Data line test walks all four data lines (IO1, IO2, IO3, and IO4)
of each ZIP, and verifies that each line is connected and that writes to
the chip can retain contents.  Output from this test is a table in the
same order as the ZIP ICs are populated on the Amiga 3000 motherboard -
the top is toward the connectors and bottom toward the CPU expansion socket.

A result of "Good" means that the data line is functioning correctly.
A result of "?" means that am indeterminate value is always read from that
data line (sometimes 0 and sometimes 1).  This could be due to a detective
or missing part.  A "1" means that a 1 value is consistently read, and a
"0" means that a 0 value is consistently read.  Unless you are diagnosing
at the board level, anything other than "Good" means that you need to either
re-seat or replace the entire ZIP IC.

Example data line test output:

1> ziptest data 
Memory config: 1Mx4 (4Mb) Static Column (MSM514402, etc)
Memory refresh: 154 clocks (6.16 usec)
  Socket   ADDR    IO1  IO2  IO3  IO4   Socket   ADDR    IO1  IO2  IO3  IO4 
  -------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ----  -------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ----
  U881 3.7 71fffff Good Good Good Good  U879 3.5 71ffffe ?    ?    ?    ?   
  U873 2.7 75fffff ?    1    ?    ?     U871 2.5 75ffffe ?    ?    ?    ?   
  U865 1.7 79fffff ?    1    ?    ?     U863 1.5 79ffffe ?    ?    ?    ?   
  U857 0.7 7dfffff Good Good Good Good  U855 0.5 7dffffe Good Good Good Good
  U880 3.6 71fffff Good Good Good Good  U878 3.4 71ffffe Good Good Good Good
  U872 2.6 75fffff 1    ?    ?    ?     U870 2.4 75ffffe 1    ?    1    ?   
  U864 1.6 79fffff ?    ?    ?    ?     U862 1.4 79ffffe 1    ?    1    ?   
  U856 0.6 7dfffff Good Good Good Good  U854 0.4 7dffffe Good Good Good Good
  U877 3.3 71ffffd ?    ?    1    ?     U875 3.1 71ffffc 1    1    1    1   
  U869 2.3 75ffffd 1    1    1    1     U867 2.1 75ffffc 1    1    1    1   
  U861 1.3 79ffffd 1    1    1    ?     U859 1.1 79ffffc 1    1    1    1   
  U853 0.3 7dffffd Good Good Good Good  U851 0.1 7dffffc Good Good Good Good
  U876 3.2 71ffffd 1    1    1    1     U874 3.0 71ffffc 1    1    1    1   
  U868 2.2 75ffffd 1    1    1    1     U866 2.0 75ffffc Good Good Good Good
  U860 1.2 79ffffd ?    Good ?    Good  U858 1.0 79ffffc 1    1    1    1   
  U852 0.2 7dffffd Good Good Good Good  U850 0.0 7dffffc Good Good Good Good

Comparing the above table against readily available Amiga 3000 ZIP memory
installation hints on the internet, one can quickly decide this configuration
is not going to work so well.  Only "Bank 0" of ZIP memory might be usable
by the operating system.  Note that for the example above, not all ZIP
ICs were installed.  One ZIP is defective, and another has an address pin
purposely stuffed in the wrong pin socket (to inject a fault).

The Amiga memory addresses above may look unusual.  These addresses are
chosen because there isn't a simple mapping between the Amiga memory address
and the Ramsey assertion of the RAS and CAS address lines.  There is a table
in the comments of ziptest.c which documents the mapping that I observed
when probing with a logic analyzer against power-of-two addresses.  Simply
stated, the address lines A1 through A9 are inverted from the CPU's physical
memory address.  In 1Mx4 mode, the RAS lines A0 through A9 are also rolled
one to the right from the CPU's physical memory address.


=============================================================================

Address line test
-----------------
The address line test performs a modified walking zero's and walking one's
test on the address lines connected to the ZIP memory.  The test is designed
to detect shorted or floating address lines by walking adjacent address lines,
checking if writes land at the wrong memory address.  The test can't detect
all possible address line-to-line shorts, but does a good job in the general
case of a line shorted to an adjacent line or one which is not connected.

At each address line being tested, address lines immediately below and
above are also used to pattern and test.  For example, if A4 is being
tested, then A5, A4, and A3 will be walked with 000, 001, 010, 011, 100,
101, 110, and 111 values, while the other address lines (A0-A2 and A6-A9)
will all be held either at 1 or at 0.

Note that due to the nature of the address test, some address lines may be
indicated as questionable around others which are bad.  For example, view the
report for U880 below, which has its A8 pin stuffed in the same socket as A9:

1> ziptest addr 
Memory config: 1Mx4 (4Mb) Static Column (MSM514402, etc)
Memory refresh: 154 clocks (6.16 usec)
  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  U881 3.7 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U879 3.5 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U873 2.7 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U871 2.5 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U865 1.7 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U863 1.5 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U857 0.7 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U855 0.5 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U880 3.6 ?  !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?   U878 3.4 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U872 2.6 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U870 2.4 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U864 1.6 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U862 1.4 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U856 0.6 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U854 0.4 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U877 3.3 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U875 3.1 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U869 2.3 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U867 2.1 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U861 1.3 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U859 1.1 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U853 0.3 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U851 0.1 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U876 3.2 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U874 3.0 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U868 2.2 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U866 2.0 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U860 1.2 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U858 1.0 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U852 0.2 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U850 0.0 Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd

The question marks in the address test results above indicate that the address
line had a low number of errors, which could be caused by side-effects of
bad adjacent address lines.  If you add the "debug" flag to the addr test,
it will give you an exact count of failures per address line.  Here, we
can see more clearly the low failure counts on all address lines except A8:

1> ziptest addr debug
Memory config: 1Mx4 (4Mb) Static Column (MSM514402, etc)
Memory refresh: 154 clocks (6.16 usec)
  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  U881 3.7  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  U879 3.5 45 45 44 45 46 47 48 48 48 48
  U873 2.7 40 39 42 39 41 43 44 42 40 40  U871 2.5 35 41 39 38 39 36 38 39 32 36
  U865 1.7 44 43 42 43 46 45 46 43 42 44  U863 1.5 45 47 48 48 48 48 48 48 47 48
  U857 0.7  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  U855 0.5  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  U880 3.6  6 33  4  4  2  0  0  0  0  2  U878 3.4  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  U872 2.6 31 38 33 36 33 32 29 34 28 34  U870 2.4 41 43 47 44 41 44 45 42 44 43
  U864 1.6 30 32 31 31 32 33 31 31 29 33  U862 1.4 47 45 47 44 40 43 44 44 48 45
  U856 0.6  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  U854 0.4  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  U877 3.3 45 45 43 42 44 44 44 41 42 44  U875 3.1 45 44 44 44 44 45 45 46 46 45
  U869 2.3 47 45 46 45 47 43 44 42 42 44  U867 2.1 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
  U861 1.3 44 45 46 48 48 48 46 43 44 45  U859 1.1 45 47 44 47 45 45 45 41 44 45
  U853 0.3  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  U851 0.1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  U876 3.2 47 47 43 43 44 44 48 45 43 44  U874 3.0 41 40 40 40 36 37 39 41 44 39
  U868 2.2 43 46 46 46 43 45 45 44 43 44  U866 2.0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  U860 1.2 32 34 32 33 30 27 28 33 30 30  U858 1.0 42 40 40 41 41 41 38 40 41 39
  U852 0.2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  U850 0.0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0

You might wonder about U860.  There is a failed ZIP which is installed in
this socket.  A couple I/O lines (A2 and A4) still work, but this is not
sufficient to confirm any of the address lines are good.  There is not a
ZIP IC installed in U864, U871, or U872, so it's a odd why these also present
lower error counts (one must assume a bit of randomness since there is no
IC driving the data lines when addressing unpopulated sockets).

If the ZIP memory is configured in 256Kx4 mode (4MB max fast memory),
then the A9 address line test can not be tested.  Output will reflect that
difference:

Address line test
  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  U881 3.7 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U879 3.5 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U873 2.7 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U871 2.5 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U865 1.7 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U863 1.5 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U857 0.7 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U855 0.5 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U880 3.6 NA !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?   U878 3.4 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U872 2.6 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U870 2.4 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U864 1.6 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U862 1.4 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U856 0.6 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U854 0.4 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U877 3.3 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U875 3.1 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U869 2.3 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U867 2.1 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U861 1.3 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U859 1.1 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U853 0.3 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U851 0.1 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U876 3.2 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U874 3.0 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U868 2.2 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U866 2.0 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd
  U860 1.2 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U858 1.0 NA !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  ! 
  U852 0.2 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd  U850 0.0 NA Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd


=============================================================================

Memory cell test
----------------
The last test is a comprehensive data pattern test which walks each memory
location in each ZIP package.  This test takes considerably longer to run
than the data line test or the address line test.

In default mode, this test will only use alternating 0x5 and 0xa values at
the four bits of each ZIP IC to verify all memory cells.  In this mode,
each cell gets tested for retention of both a 0 value and a 1 value.
When the "LONG" parameter is specified, then each ZIP IC is also tested
with the following additional patterns: 0xc, 0x3, 0x1, 0x2, 0x4, 0x8, 0x7,
0xe, 0xd, 0xb, and 0x0.

At the end of the test, a summary will be displayed.  "Good" means that
all cells of the specific chip passed the test.  An "!" means failures
were detected.

Example output:

1> ziptest cell      

Memory config: 256x4 (1Mb) Static Column (MSM514402, etc)
Memory refresh: 238 clocks (9.52 usec)

Memory cell test
  ................
  Socket   Result   Socket   Result
  -------- ------   -------- ------
  U881 3.7 Good     U879 3.5 !   
  U873 2.7 !        U871 2.5 !   
  U865 1.7 !        U863 1.5 !   
  U857 0.7 Good     U855 0.5 Good
  U880 3.6 !        U878 3.4 Good
  U872 2.6 !        U870 2.4 !   
  U864 1.6 !        U862 1.4 !   
  U856 0.6 Good     U854 0.4 Good
  U877 3.3 !        U875 3.1 !   
  U869 2.3 !        U867 2.1 !   
  U861 1.3 !        U859 1.1 !   
  U853 0.3 Good     U851 0.1 Good
  U876 3.2 !        U874 3.0 !   
  U868 2.2 !        U866 2.0 Good
  U860 1.2 !        U858 1.0 !   
  U852 0.2 Good     U850 0.0 Good

=============================================================================
Example ziptest output where a good bank 0 of 256Kx4 ZIP ICs are installed
in an Amiga while Ramsey is configured for 1Mx4 mode.  As you can tell from
the patterns, the ICs are installed in U850, U851, U852, U853, U854, U855,
U856, and U857.

1> ziptest
ZipTest 1.0 (Dec 06 2017) by Chris Hooper

Memory config: 1Mx4 (4096KB per bank) Static Column (MSM514402, etc)
Memory refresh: 238 clocks (9.52 usec)
Data line test
  Socket   ADDR    IO1  IO2  IO3  IO4   Socket   ADDR    IO1  IO2  IO3  IO4
  -------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ----  -------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ----
  U881 3.7 71ffffb 1    1    1    1     U879 3.5 71ffffa 1    1    1    1
  U873 2.7 75ffffb 1    1    1    1     U871 2.5 75ffffa 1    1    1    1
  U865 1.7 79ffffb 1    1    ?    ?     U863 1.5 79ffffa ?    1    1    1
  U857 0.7 7dffffb Good Good Good Good  U855 0.5 7dffffa Good Good Good Good
  U880 3.6 71ffffb 1    1    1    1     U878 3.4 71ffffa 1    1    1    1
  U872 2.6 75ffffb 1    ?    1    1     U870 2.4 75ffffa 1    1    1    1
  U864 1.6 79ffffb 1    1    1    1     U862 1.4 79ffffa ?    ?    1    ?
  U856 0.6 7dffffb Good Good Good Good  U854 0.4 7dffffa Good Good Good Good
  U877 3.3 71ffff9 1    1    1    1     U875 3.1 71ffff8 1    1    1    1   
  U869 2.3 75ffff9 1    1    1    1     U867 2.1 75ffff8 1    1    1    1
  U861 1.3 79ffff9 1    1    1    1     U859 1.1 79ffff8 1    1    1    ?
  U853 0.3 7dffff9 Good Good Good Good  U851 0.1 7dffff8 Good Good Good Good
  U876 3.2 71ffff9 1    1    1    1     U874 3.0 71ffff8 1    1    1    1   
  U868 2.2 75ffff9 1    1    ?    1     U866 2.0 75ffff8 1    1    1    1   
  U860 1.2 79ffff9 1    1    1    1     U858 1.0 79ffff8 1    1    ?    1
  U852 0.2 7dffff9 Good Good Good Good  U850 0.0 7dffff8 Good Good Good Good

Address line test
  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0  Socket   A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  -------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  U881 3.7 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U879 2.5 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U873 2.7 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U871 3.5 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U865 1.7 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U863 1.5 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U857 0.7 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?   U855 0.5 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?
  U880 3.6 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U878 3.4 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U872 2.6 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U870 2.4 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U864 1.6 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U862 1.4 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U856 0.6 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?   U854 0.4 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?
  U877 3.3 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U875 3.1 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U869 2.3 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U867 2.1 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U861 1.3 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U859 1.1 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U853 0.3 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?   U851 0.1 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?
  U876 3.2 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U874 3.0 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U868 2.2 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U866 2.0 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U860 1.2 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !   U858 1.0 !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !  !
  U852 0.2 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?   U850 0.0 !  ?  ?  Gd Gd Gd Gd Gd ?  ?

Memory cell test
  ..... . . .
  Socket   Result   Socket   Result
  -------- ------   -------- ------
  U881 3.7 !        U879 3.5 !
  U873 2.7 !        U871 2.5 !
  U865 1.7 !        U863 1.5 !
  U857 0.7 !        U855 0.5 !
  U880 3.6 !        U878 3.4 !
  U872 2.6 !        U870 2.4 !
  U864 1.6 !        U862 1.4 !
  U856 0.6 !        U854 0.4 !
  U877 3.3 !        U875 3.1 !
  U869 2.3 !        U867 2.1 !
  U861 1.3 !        U859 1.1 !
  U853 0.3 !        U851 0.1 !
  U876 3.2 !        U874 3.0 !
  U868 2.2 !        U866 2.0 !
  U860 1.2 !        U858 1.0 !
  U852 0.2 !        U850 0.0 !

Although this memory (or a portion of it) might pass testing by Amiga OS,
the ziptest utility will still detect a problem.  In this particular case,
adjusting J852 is all that is necessary for the installed memory to be
reported as Good.

=============================================================================

Other options
-------------
The ziptest utility has a few additional command line options which may
be listed by supplying a "?" argument.  All supported arguments:

    ADDR   - perform address line test
    ASCII  - show ASCII ART of chip positions and pins
    CELL   - perform memory cell test (verify every bit)
    DATA   - perform data line test
    DIP    - show DIP RAM positions
    DEBUG  - enable debug output
    FORCE  - ignore fact enforcer is present
    LONG   - perform more thorough (slower) line test
    MAP    - just show map of corresponding bits (no test)
    QUIET  - do not display banner
    STROBE - generate power-of-two address strobes for a probe

ADDR
----
Perform only the address line test.  No other tests will be executed unless
they are also specified.  The LONG option may be specified to run more
iterations of the address line test, which slightly increases the chances
of finding a floating line.

ASCII
-----
Display ASCII art showing the placement and pinout of the ZIP and DIP ICs
on the board.

CELL
----
Perform only the memory cell test.  No other tests will be executed unless
they are also specified.  The set of patterns for each ZIP IC will be 0x5
and 0xa, which tests each cell set to 0 value and set to 1 value.  The LONG
option may be specified to run each ZIP through more patterns.  The complete
set of patterns for each ZIP IC in this mode will be: 0x5, 0xa, 0xc, 0x3,
0x1, 0x2, 0x4, 0x8, 0x7, 0xe, 0xd, 0xb, and 0x0.

DATA
----
Perform only the data line test.  No other tests will be executed unless
they are also specified.  The LONG option may be specified to run a more
comprehensive test by checking data lines to each ZIP IC separately from
each other, rather than in parallel with data lines of the other ZIP ICs.

DIP
---
Also display fast memory DIP chip positions (these mirror the first bank
of ZIP memory, so the information is likely redundant).

DEBUG
-----
Display test debug output.  This is most useful for the Address line test
as it changes the good/bad result to be a count of failures.  Adding the
flag a second time will generate more output for the address line test.

FORCE
-----
Ignore the fact that Enforcer or MuForce is running.  This will likely
lead to a hang when the test runs as the address exceptions are handled by
software.

LONG
----
Run a more comprehensive version of the data, address, or cell tests.
See the individual test descriptions above for more details.

MAP
---
Display a map of how Amiga CPU physical memory addresses and bit positions
correspond to data bits and address bits of the ZIP ICs.  Note that the
maps displayed will be different depending on whether the memory is jumpered
for 1Mx4 or 256Kx4 mode.

QUIET
-----
Do not display the banner showing the name, version, and date of ziptest.

STROBE
------
This option is for board level debug.  It will cause read strobes on the
address lines in order to assist with debug using an oscilloscope.  You can
use any of the parallel port data lines as a trigger for the oscilloscope
or logic analyzer to capture the address lines during the RAS and CAS cycles.

=============================================================================

Source code notes
-----------------
Source may be compiled with either DICE 3.15 (use dmake) or VBCC 0.906
13.08.2017 (use compile_vbcc script).  I use DICE for the distribution build
as it compiles faster and the final executable is a bit smaller.  I didn't
notice a performance difference between the two for this particular
application.  Although gcc can also compile the utility, I wasn't able to
figure out how to set the hunk attributes to MEMF_CHIP, which is required.

Since the code must run from chip memory, there is a small startup function
in stack.asm which relocates the program's stack to chip memory.  It then
calls c_main() in ziptest.c.

There are a few defines at the top of ziptest.c -- you shouldn't need to
adjust any of the settings.  DISABLE_INTERRUPTS should be defined otherwise
random crashes are likely to occur if some of the fast memory was mapped
by AmigaOS.